{"id":3431,"date":"2021-08-16T12:26:35","date_gmt":"2021-08-16T12:26:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/turkce\/haberler-dunya-58224914"},"modified":"2021-08-16T13:34:38","modified_gmt":"2021-08-16T13:34:38","slug":"talibanin-kabile-girmesi-sonrasi-abdde-bidena-tepkiler-artiyor-durum-tam-bir-felaket","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/2021\/08\/16\/talibanin-kabile-girmesi-sonrasi-abdde-bidena-tepkiler-artiyor-durum-tam-bir-felaket\/","title":{"rendered":"Taliban’\u0131n Kabil’e girmesi sonras\u0131 ABD’de Biden’a tepkiler art\u0131yor: ‘Durum tam bir felaket’"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Afganistan’\u0131 terk edip ABD’ye yerle\u015fen Hadia Essazada, ge\u00e7mi\u015fin travmalar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131yor ve gelece\u011fe dair kayg\u0131lar\u0131 var<\/p>\n<\/figcaption>
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Taliban’\u0131n Afganistan’da h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerleyi\u015fi Afgan k\u00f6kenli Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131, eski generalleri ve baz\u0131 politikac\u0131lar\u0131, Amerikan askerlerini k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede geri \u00e7ekme karar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Ba\u015fkan Joe Biden’\u0131 su\u00e7lamaya y\u00f6neltti. Ancak Biden halk deste\u011fini \u015fimdilik arkas\u0131na alm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Hadia Essazada, evine Taliban’\u0131n geli\u015fini, babas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6vmelerini ve erkek karde\u015fini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmelerini deh\u015fetle hat\u0131rlarken g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 tutam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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BBC Fars\u00e7a Servisi’ne konu\u015fan Essazada, “babam\u0131 demir \u00e7ubukla d\u00f6vd\u00fcler, a\u011fabeyimi ar\u0131yorlard\u0131” diye anlat\u0131yor. A\u011fabeyi 1990’larda Taliban’a kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00dclkenin kuzeyindeki Mezar-\u0131 \u015eerif kentini terk etmi\u015fler, ama 6 ay sonra evimize geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde Taliban yine kap\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7ald\u0131. Bu kez erkek karde\u015fimi g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler” diyor:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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“Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra mahalledeki bir esnaf geldi ve babama o\u011flunun \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Taliban onu \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcp cesedini sokaklarda gezdirmi\u015f. Akrabalar\u0131n\u0131n cenazeyi almas\u0131na haftalarca izin verilmemi\u015f, bu arada k\u00f6pekler cesedi par\u00e7alam\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Bug\u00fcn 20’li ya\u015flarda olan ve ABD’de ya\u015fayan Essazada, \u015fimdi Taliban yeniden kontrol\u00fc ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi i\u00e7in hem Afganistan i\u00e7in hem de yeni yurdu Amerika i\u00e7in kayg\u0131 duydu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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“Taliban hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmedi” diyor ve militanlar\u0131n\u0131n Bat\u0131y\u0131 hedef alaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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“Bu durumda Afganistan’a gitmek isteyen olur mu?” diye soruyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Biden’\u0131n Afganistan’dan \u00e7ekilme vaadi<\/h2>\n
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Biden’\u0131 ele\u015ftirenler, ABD’nin m\u00fcdahil oldu\u011fu en uzun s\u00fcreli sava\u015fta 20 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7abalar\u0131 ve fedakarl\u0131klar\u0131 sildi\u011fini, son geli\u015fmelerin insani krize yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ABD’nin itibar\u0131n\u0131 zedeledi\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Kabil h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin kendi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00fclkede g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flamas\u0131 beklentisi nedeniyle de Biden ele\u015ftiriliyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015fkentin Taliban’\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mesiyle, baz\u0131lar\u0131, “Amerikal\u0131 se\u00e7menler bir s\u00fcre sonra Biden’\u0131n ABD’yi Afganistan’dan \u00e7\u0131karma ad\u0131m\u0131ndan pi\u015fmanl\u0131k duyar m\u0131?” sorusunu soruyor.<\/p>\n

Biden’\u0131n bu karar\u0131 s\u00fcrpriz de\u011fildi. Barack Obama y\u00f6netiminde ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 iken Biden, Afganistan sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n misyonu bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutulmas\u0131nda \u0131srar etmi\u015fti, askerlerin \u00e7ekilmesinden yanayd\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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2019’da Ba\u015fkan aday\u0131yken Biden se\u00e7menlere, 1950’lerde eski ba\u015fkan Dwight David Eisenhower’dan sonra, aktif bir sava\u015fta evlad\u0131 olan ilk ba\u015fkan olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Obama’n\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nemlerinde Afganistan \u00f6zel el\u00e7isi olan Richard Holbrooke an\u0131lar\u0131nda, Biden’\u0131n \u00f6fkeyle Obama’ya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p “Kad\u0131n haklar\u0131 i\u00e7in o\u011flumun hayat\u0131n\u0131 riske atmas\u0131n\u0131 istemiyorum\u2026 Bu ama\u00e7la orada de\u011filler” s\u00f6zlerine g\u00f6nderme yap\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Obama y\u00f6netiminde diplomat olan Brett Bruen de Biden’\u0131n d\u0131\u015f politika alan\u0131ndaki tecr\u00fcbesinin onu \u015fekillendirmede \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, “Sadece Vietnam ve Irak Sava\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, Kosova ve Granada sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bu tecr\u00fcbe, zorluklara so\u011fukkanl\u0131l\u0131kla ve biraz da bezginlikle bakmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor” diyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ba\u015fkan aday\u0131 iken 2020’de CBS televizyonuna konu\u015ftu\u011funda Biden, ABD’nin Afganistan’da “sadece Taliban’\u0131n, I\u015e\u0130D’in veya El Kaide’nin orada yuvalanmas\u0131n\u0131 imkans\u0131z k\u0131lmak amac\u0131yla” asker bulundurmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Bu olmad\u0131. Taliban sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015fkent Kabil’e pek bir direni\u015fle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmadan girdi – ABD ve m\u00fcttefiklerinin kendi vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ve personelini \u00fclkeden \u00e7\u0131karma tela\u015f\u0131 ortas\u0131nda\u2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Birka\u00e7 saat i\u00e7inde, Kabil’deki Hamid Karzai Uluslararas\u0131 Havaliman\u0131’nda ticari u\u00e7u\u015flar ask\u0131ya al\u0131nd\u0131 ve koalisyon g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin bulundu\u011fu Bagram Hava \u00dcss\u00fc yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki bir hapishanede Afgan g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri Taliban’a teslim oldu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Biden Cumartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc, personelin tahliyesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in binlerce ek askerin Afganistan’a g\u00f6ndermek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Bu ay s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lan bir Amerikan istihbarat raporu, Bat\u0131’n\u0131n destekledi\u011fi Afgan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin, Amerikan askerlerinin \u00e7ekilmesinden sonraki 90 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde d\u00fc\u015fece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Biden’\u0131n selefi Donald Trump, onu “zay\u0131fl\u0131k, iktidars\u0131zl\u0131k ve topyekun stratejik tutars\u0131zl\u0131k” ile su\u00e7lad\u0131. Kendi ekibinin ge\u00e7en y\u0131l Taliban’la uzla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekilme anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bu soruna yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyenler de az de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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‘Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k duyaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan korkuyordum, \u00f6yle de oldu’<\/h2>\n
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Biden’\u0131n \u00e7ekilme plan\u0131na yap\u0131lan itirazlar\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131 y\u0131llar \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan uyar\u0131lar\u0131 an\u0131msat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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2009’da ABD birliklerinin Kabil’deki komutan\u0131 Stanley McChrystal’a oradaki asker say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltma plan\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 soruldu\u011funda, “K\u0131sa yan\u0131t, hay\u0131r” cevab\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Son birka\u00e7 hafta i\u00e7inde Taliban’\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerleyi\u015fi, onun \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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McChrystal’\u0131n halefi General David Petraeus, “Durum tam bir felaket” diyor:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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“Karar\u0131 geri \u00e7ekmeliyiz. Bu karardan pi\u015fmanl\u0131k duyaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan korkuyordum, \u00f6yle de oldu. ABD ve m\u00fcttefikleri ciddi bir hata yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmedikleri s\u00fcrece iyi bir sonu\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kmaz.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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2009’da Pakistan’\u0131n Washington B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi olan H\u00fcseyin Hakkani, “Biden s\u00fcrekli olarak ‘bizim sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131z Taliban’la de\u011fil El Kaide’yle’ diyordu. Bunu hep naif bulmu\u015fumdur” diyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Afgan k\u00f6kenli Amerikal\u0131 Sher Hossain Jaghori ise 2003’te Amerikan askerlerine terc\u00fcmanl\u0131k yaparken bir kolunu yitirmi\u015f.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u015eimdi ABD vatanda\u015f\u0131 ve Amerikan askerlerinin \u00e7ekilmesi konusunda k\u0131zg\u0131n oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. BBC Fars\u00e7a Servisi’ne konu\u015fan Jaghori, “Biden, Afganistan halk\u0131n\u0131 Taliban’a teslim etti” diyor ve ekliyor:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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“ABD y\u00f6netimine g\u00fcvenmiyorum art\u0131k. E\u015fim ve o\u011flum, Biden’a oy verdi. Yapmay\u0131n dedim. \u015eimdi bana hakl\u0131 oldu\u011fumu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar. Bir daha oy vermeyecekler.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Kamuoyu yoklamalar\u0131, 20 y\u0131ll\u0131k sava\u015fta d\u00f6k\u00fclen kan ve yap\u0131lan masraflar\u0131n, y\u0131llar boyu verilen \u00e7ekilme vaatlerinin Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131 yordu\u011funu ve askerleri \u00e7ekme plan\u0131n\u0131n desteklendi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Eski ABD Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131ndan Barack Obama ba\u015fkanl\u0131k d\u00f6neminde \u00e7ekilme s\u00f6z\u00fc vermi\u015fti. Trump da ba\u015fkanl\u0131k kampanyas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda “sonu gelmez sava\u015fa” de\u011finmi\u015f, ABD askerlerinin \u00e7ekilme tarihi olarak 1 May\u0131s 2021 tarihini vermi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ge\u00e7en ay Chicago kenti i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan anketler, Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fczde 70’inin, Biden’in \u00e7ekilme plan\u0131n\u0131 destekledi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ama o zaman Taliban hen\u00fcz bu \u015fekilde h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerlememi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
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Sahada durum de\u011fi\u015firken, Amerikal\u0131 gaziler birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 Afganlar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dair haberleri okurken, koalisyon g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin elindeki b\u00f6lgeler Taliban’\u0131n eline ge\u00e7erken, yard\u0131m kurulu\u015flar\u0131 insani kriz uyar\u0131s\u0131 yaparken, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumu ABD’nin 1975’te a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde Vietnam’\u0131n Saygon kentinden \u00e7ekili\u015fine benzetenler oldu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Breun bu durumu s\u00f6yle de\u011ferlendiriyor:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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“Teorik olarak Amerikal\u0131lar \u00e7\u0131kmak istedi. Ama pratikte, Taliban’\u0131n ara\u00e7lar i\u00e7inde caddelerde ilerleyi\u015fini g\u00f6steren g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131nca, Amerikal\u0131 askerlerin Saygonvari bir tarzda ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131 hazmetmesi zor bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc veriyor.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Afgan k\u00f6kenli Amerikal\u0131lar, askerler ve politikac\u0131lar Ba\u015fkan Joe Biden’\u0131 ele\u015ftiriyor. Peki Amerikan kamuoyunun tepkisi ne olacak? \u015eimdilik Afganistan’dan \u00e7ekilmeden yana olanlar\u0131n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3432,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,11,185],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya","category-genel","category-manset"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3431","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3431"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3437,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3431\/revisions\/3437"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}