{"id":2960,"date":"2021-07-21T11:09:57","date_gmt":"2021-07-21T11:09:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/turkce\/haberler-dunya-57913781"},"modified":"2021-07-21T11:09:57","modified_gmt":"2021-07-21T11:09:57","slug":"taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/2021\/07\/21\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi\/","title":{"rendered":"Taliban: Afganistan&#8217;da yeniden g\u00fc\u00e7lenen \u00f6rg\u00fct nas\u0131l kuruldu, bug\u00fcnlere nas\u0131l geldi?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"e1j2237y5 bbc-q4ibpr e57qer20\">\n<div class=\"bbc-1atl7vu e1c9i7u14\">\n<ul role=\"list\" class=\"bbc-cdrraw e1c9i7u12\">\n<li role=\"listitem\" class=\"bbc-1a3w4ok e1c9i7u11\">Ece G\u00f6ksedef<\/li>\n<li role=\"listitem\" class=\"bbc-1p92jtu e1c9i7u10\">BBC T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><time datetime=\"2021-07-21\" class=\"bbc-14xtggo e4zesg50\">21 Temmuz 2021<\/time><\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-14.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-15.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-16.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-17.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-18.jpg 800w\" alt=\"Taliban\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"11\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\"><b>1990&#8217;lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan desteklerle Taliban ismiyle olu\u015fturulan ve Afganistan&#8217;da \u015feriat kanunlar\u0131n\u0131 uygularken muhaliflerine y\u00f6nelik katliamlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren, kad\u0131nlara dini gerek\u00e7elerle ac\u0131mas\u0131zca bask\u0131lar uygulayan ve ABD i\u015fgalinin ba\u015f\u0131nda yenilse de 20 y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan silahl\u0131 grup kimdir?<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"12\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">ABD askerleri, 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 Taliban&#8217;la anla\u015farak, ilk a\u015famada belirtilen \u015fartlar da yerine getirilmeden Afganistan&#8217;dan \u00e7ekiliyor. Bu \u00e7ekilmeyi f\u0131rsat olarak g\u00f6ren Taliban da, s\u0131n\u0131r kap\u0131lar\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgeyi h\u0131zla ele ge\u00e7iriyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi yerlerde h\u00fck\u00fcmete ba\u011fl\u0131 okullar\u0131, hastaneleri ve mahkemeleri de kapatarak kendi ac\u0131mas\u0131z kurallar\u0131n\u0131 uygulamaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">2001&#8217;de ABD&#8217;nin Afganistan i\u015fgali ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00f6netimden d\u00fc\u015fen ancak zaman i\u00e7inde baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere geri d\u00f6nen ve bug\u00fcn -ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kaynaklar do\u011frulamasa da- \u00fclkenin y\u00fczde 85&#8217;ini kontrol etti\u011fini iddia eden Taliban&#8217;\u0131n olu\u015fumunu ve bug\u00fcne nas\u0131l geldi\u011fini inceledik.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><h2 id=\"Afganistan-\u0130mparatorluklar-mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"bbc-l3e97o e14hemmw0\">Afganistan: \u0130mparatorluklar mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-19.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-20.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-21.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-22.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-23.jpg 800w\" alt=\"Afganistan'da \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ve i\u015fgaller, y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde milyonlarca insan\u0131n evlerini terk etmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-1.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"7\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"4\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Afganistan&#8217;da \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ve i\u015fgaller, y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde milyonlarca insan\u0131n evlerini terk etmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bug\u00fcnlerde ABD i\u015fgalini ve \u00e7ekilmesini konu\u015fsak da Afganistan, on y\u0131llard\u0131r bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkenin i\u015fgaline maruz kald\u0131. Ancak hi\u00e7biri g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir merkezi y\u00f6netim olu\u015fturmakta ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamad\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"8\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">\u00d6yle ki, Afganistan i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir ifade var: \u0130mparatorluklar mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"15\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bu ifade ne anlama geliyor? \u00dclke, \u00c7in, \u0130ran ve Orta Asya gibi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc devletlerin bulundu\u011fu bir co\u011frafyan\u0131n tam ortas\u0131nda, g\u00f6\u00e7 ve ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f; \u00e7ok say\u0131da farkl\u0131 a\u015firet, etnik grup ve farkl\u0131 dillerin konu\u015fuldu\u011fu, farkl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bir yap\u0131ya sahip. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"14\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">B\u00f6yle bir co\u011frafyada, kanunsuz bir devlet yap\u0131s\u0131nda, \u00e7o\u011funlukla birbirine rakip hatta d\u00fc\u015fman olan her a\u015firet ya da etnik grup, kimli\u011fini korumak i\u00e7in kendi b\u00f6lgesinde sa\u011flam yap\u0131lar, evler, fiziksel anlamda kale gibi korunan k\u00f6yler in\u015fa etmi\u015f ya da da\u011flar\u0131 siper alm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"7\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bu yap\u0131daki bir \u00fclkeye girip merkezi y\u00f6netim olu\u015fturmak da kolay olmam\u0131\u015f. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">1979&#8217;da ba\u015flayan Sovyet Rusya i\u015fgali de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir merkezi y\u00f6netim kurmaya yetmedi. \u00dcstelik bu kez, \u00fclkenin bu durumundan faydalanan bir de grup ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: Taliban.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"7\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Ancak Taliban&#8217;\u0131n temelleri Sovyet i\u015fgalinin \u00e7ok \u00f6ncesinde yat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><h2 id=\"Pakistan\u0131n-ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131-Pe\u015ftu-hareketlere-kar\u015f\u0131-destekledi\u011fi-\u0130slamc\u0131-gruplar\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"bbc-l3e97o e14hemmw0\">Pakistan&#8217;\u0131n ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 Pe\u015ftu hareketlere kar\u015f\u0131 destekledi\u011fi \u0130slamc\u0131 gruplar<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-24.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-25.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-26.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-27.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-28.jpg 800w\" alt=\"E\u011fitim kamp\u0131nda m\u00fccahitler\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-2.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"6\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"2\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>E\u011fitim kamp\u0131nda m\u00fccahitler<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"12\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Afganistan&#8217;\u0131n y\u00fczde 84&#8217;\u00fc S\u00fcnni M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan olu\u015fuyor. \u00dclkenin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k etnik yap\u0131s\u0131nda en kalabal\u0131k n\u00fcfusu, y\u00fczde 38&#8217;le Pe\u015ftular olu\u015fturuyor. \u00c7o\u011fu da \u00fclkenin g\u00fcneyi ve do\u011fusunda bulunuyor. Yakla\u015f\u0131k ayn\u0131 say\u0131da, yani 15 milyon civar\u0131nda Pe\u015ftu da \u00fclkenin g\u00fcneydeki kom\u015fusu olan Pakistan&#8217;\u0131n kuzeyinde ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">B\u00f6lgedeki \u0130ngiliz y\u00f6netimi 1947&#8217;de sona erip Pakistan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u00fclke oldu\u011funda, \u00fclkedeki Pe\u015ftular Afganistan&#8217;daki Pe\u015ftularla birle\u015ferek &#8220;Pe\u015ftunistan&#8221; isimli ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u00fclke kurma taleplerini g\u00fcndeme getirdi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"13\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Pakistan&#8217;la b\u00f6lgedeki Pe\u015ftular aras\u0131nda gerilim s\u00fcrerken 1971&#8217;de Banglade\u015f, y\u0131llar \u00f6nce \u0130slami bir birliktelik alt\u0131nda kurulmu\u015f olan Pakistan&#8217;dan ayr\u0131larak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u00fclke oldu. Bu ayr\u0131l\u0131k, Pakistan y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in etnik farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n dinin birle\u015ftiricili\u011finden \u00fcst\u00fcn geldi\u011finin g\u00f6stergesi oldu. Ve Afganistan&#8217;daki Pe\u015ftular\u0131n etnik kimlik savunuculu\u011fu, Pakistan i\u00e7in daha ciddi bir g\u00fcvenlik tehdidi olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">B\u00f6yle bir ortamda Pakistan, Afganistan&#8217;da Pe\u015ftular aras\u0131nda \u0130slami bir hareketin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in destek vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. B\u00f6ylece etnik milliyet\u00e7i duygular\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 hedeflendi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"14\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Pakistan&#8217;\u0131n istihbarat servisi Servisleraras\u0131 \u0130stihbarat (Inter-Services Intelligence &#8211; ISI), bu ama\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda b\u00f6lgeden getirdi\u011fi bir\u00e7ok &#8216;m\u00fccahit&#8217;e kendi topraklar\u0131nda, s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerinde dini ve askeri e\u011fitim verdi. Bu \u00f6\u011frenciler, y\u0131llar sonra Taliban&#8217;\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturacakt\u0131. Taliban, Pe\u015ftuca &#8220;talebeler&#8221; anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Pakistan, e\u011fitimler s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan, ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ve cesur g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6\u011frencileri de ABD&#8217;nin b\u00f6lgedeki yetkililerine tan\u0131tt\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-29.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-30.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-31.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-32.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-33.jpg 800w\" alt=\"M\u00fccahitler, i\u015fgalci g\u00fc\u00e7lerden ele ge\u00e7irilen tanklar\u0131n \u00fczerinde\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-3.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"6.5\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"3\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>M\u00fccahitler, i\u015fgalci g\u00fc\u00e7lerden ele ge\u00e7irilen tanklar\u0131n \u00fczerinde<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><h2 id=\"Sovyet-i\u015fgaline-kar\u015f\u0131-desteklenen-gruplar\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"bbc-l3e97o e14hemmw0\">Sovyet i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 desteklenen gruplar<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">1978&#8217;de sol g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc ve Sovyet destekli askerler darbeyle iktidara geldi\u011finde, bu \u0130slamc\u0131 muhalefet, Pakistan ve ABD&#8217;nin deste\u011fiyle \u00fclkeye girerek silahl\u0131 bir isyan ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Aral\u0131k 1979&#8217;da Sovyet lider Leonid Brejnev, do\u011frudan bir m\u00fcdahaleyle K\u0131z\u0131l Ordu&#8217;yu Afganistan&#8217;a g\u00f6nderdi. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"12\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Sovyet i\u015fgali, Pakistan&#8217;dan gelerek silahl\u0131 isyan ba\u015flatan &#8216;m\u00fccahitler&#8217;e halk deste\u011fini art\u0131rarak daha fazla b\u00fcy\u00fcmelerine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fcmelerinin tek sebebi bu de\u011fildi; ABD ve Suudi Arabistan&#8217;dan gelen y\u00fckl\u00fc miktardaki maddi yard\u0131mlar da, halihaz\u0131rda Pakistan&#8217;da olu\u015fturulup bekleyen hareketin g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-34.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-35.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-36.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-37.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-38.jpg 800w\" alt=\"Sovyet askerleri Afganistan'da\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-4.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"6\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"2\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Sovyet askerleri Afganistan&#8217;da<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"11\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bu arada, Pakistanl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gazeteci Ahmed Rashid&#8217;e g\u00f6re, 1971&#8217;de 900 olan Pakistan&#8217;daki medrese say\u0131s\u0131 1988&#8217;de 8 binin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. S\u0131n\u0131rlarda kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 25 bin okul daha vard\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"13\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Afganistan \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve bu konuda bir\u00e7ok kitab\u0131 da bulunan Amerikal\u0131 akademisyen Barnett Rubin&#8217;in ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na g\u00f6re; 1980&#8217;de ABD, Sovyetlere kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fan bu m\u00fccahitlere 30 milyon dolarl\u0131k yard\u0131m g\u00f6nderdi. Sovyet ordusunun istikrar\u0131 sa\u011flayamamas\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, m\u00fccahitlere ABD&#8217;den giden yard\u0131m sadece 1985&#8217;te 250 milyon dolara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Suudi Arabistan da her y\u0131l ayn\u0131 miktarlarda yard\u0131m g\u00f6nderiyordu.1980&#8217;lerin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda sadece ABD&#8217;den giden yard\u0131m y\u0131ll\u0131k 630 milyon dolara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu miktara Suudi Arabistan, \u0130srail ve \u00c7in&#8217;den gelen yard\u0131mlar dahil de\u011fil\u2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"12\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">1985&#8217;te ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ronald Reagan, m\u00fccahitlere Stinger u\u00e7aksavar f\u00fczesi verilmesine karar verdi. Stingerlar ve di\u011fer silahlar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131ndan ise Pakistan sorumluydu. Kara\u00e7i ya da \u0130slamabad havalimanlar\u0131na getirilen silahlar, ISI arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Afganistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndaki radikal \u0130slamc\u0131 muhalif gruplara da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"8\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">1989&#8217;da Sovyetler \u00e7ekildikten sonra ABD&#8217;nin m\u00fccahitlere yard\u0131m\u0131 yeniden y\u0131ll\u0131k 250 milyon dolara indi. Bir s\u00fcre sonra da tamamen kesildi. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-39.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-40.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-41.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-42.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-43.jpg 800w\" alt=\"M\u00fccahitler, Sovyet ordusundan geriye kalanlarla - 1988\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-5.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"6.5\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"3\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>M\u00fccahitler, Sovyet ordusundan geriye kalanlarla &#8211; 1988<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"14\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Ancak art\u0131k ellerinde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc a\u011f\u0131r silahlar olan bir grup, zaman i\u00e7inde katliamlar d\u00fczenleyen, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ve gen\u00e7leri zorla silah alt\u0131na alan, Afgan halk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131na k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar getiren, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bir\u00e7ok hakk\u0131n\u0131 elinden alan ve kurallara uymayanlar\u0131 vah\u015fi bir \u015fekilde cezaland\u0131ran bir g\u00fcce d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><h2 id=\"\u0130\u015fgal-sonras\u0131-Taliban\u0131n-y\u00f6netime-geli\u015fi\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"bbc-l3e97o e14hemmw0\">\u0130\u015fgal sonras\u0131 Taliban&#8217;\u0131n y\u00f6netime geli\u015fi<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"7\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Sovyet i\u015fgalinin ard\u0131ndan kom\u00fcnist y\u00f6netim 1992&#8217;ye kadar iktidarda kalabildi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"13\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Ard\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lerce desteklenen ve yeterince silahla donat\u0131lan &#8216;m\u00fccahit gruplar&#8217; alan kavgas\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu esnada insan ka\u00e7\u0131rmalar, cinayetler, h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k, tecav\u00fcz ve sokak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Afgan sivillerin g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131 haline geldi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Hem m\u00fccahit gruplar\u0131n hem a\u015firetlerin m\u00fccadelesi sebebiyle 1992-1996 aras\u0131nda iyice artan karga\u015fa ortam\u0131nda Taliban, istikrar\u0131 yeniden sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z\u00fcyle gittik\u00e7e daha fazla a\u015firet taraf\u0131ndan desteklendi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"11\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Taliban&#8217;\u0131n 1990&#8217;lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, muhtemelen 1993&#8217;te Pe\u015ftular\u0131n Ghilzai ve onlar\u0131n da Hotak a\u015firetinden gelen, Sovyetlere kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131rken yaralanm\u0131\u015f da olan Molla Muhammed \u00d6mer taraf\u0131ndan kuruldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bu esnada Molla \u00d6mer&#8217;in, iki a\u015firet aras\u0131 m\u00fccadelede ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lan iki masum gen\u00e7 kad\u0131n\u0131 kurtar\u0131p a\u015firetlerine teslim etti\u011fine y\u00f6nelik efsaneler Afganistan&#8217;da yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-44.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-45.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-46.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-47.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-48.jpg 800w\" alt=\"Moskova, Sovyetlerin m\u00fcdahalesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u00fcnyayla Afganistan'daki g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayattan foto\u011fraflar da payla\u015ft\u0131\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-6.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"7\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"4\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Moskova, Sovyetlerin m\u00fcdahalesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u00fcnyayla Afganistan&#8217;daki g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayattan foto\u011fraflar da payla\u015ft\u0131 &#8211; 1981<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"13\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Y\u00f6netimini ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehir, son y\u0131llarda su\u00e7 merkezi haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olan ve Pe\u015ftular\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukta oldu\u011fu Kandahar oldu. 1994&#8217;te iki g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde tamam\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi Kandahar&#8217;da su\u00e7 oranlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6ylentileri h\u0131zla yay\u0131ld\u0131. Burada ordudan ve Sovyetlerden kalan bir\u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r silah\u0131 da ele ge\u00e7iren Taliban, Pakistan&#8217;la s\u0131n\u0131r kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc de ald\u0131. Birka\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndaki Herat&#8217;a girdiler. 1995&#8217;te Afganistan&#8217;\u0131n 30 b\u00f6lgesinden dokuzu, Taliban kontrol\u00fcne girmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Eyl\u00fcl 1996&#8217;da Ba\u015fkent Kabil&#8217;e giren Taliban, Pe\u015ftu kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve yozla\u015fman\u0131n sebebi olarak ilan etti\u011fi Tacik k\u00f6kenli devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Burhanettin Rabbani&#8217;yi g\u00f6revden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve y\u00f6netimi ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fini duyurdu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Ancak yay\u0131lan bu efsanelerin sert uygulamalarla sa\u011flanan &#8220;istikrar\u0131n&#8221; arkas\u0131ndaki ger\u00e7ekle Afgan halk\u0131, zaman i\u00e7inde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><h2 id=\"Taliban\u0131n-uygulamalar\u0131-ve-halk-deste\u011fi\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"bbc-l3e97o e14hemmw0\">Taliban&#8217;\u0131n uygulamalar\u0131 ve halk deste\u011fi<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Taliban, medreselerdeki Suudi-Vahabi \u00f6\u011fretisiyle \u015fekillenen \u015feriat kurallar\u0131 ve daha fazla toprak sahibi olmay\u0131 \u00f6nceleyen \u0130slamiyet \u00f6ncesi Pe\u015ftu hukukunun i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bir d\u00fczeni benimsemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"12\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">&#8220;Adaleti sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve zalim a\u011falar\u0131n korkusu oldu\u011fu&#8221;na dair s\u00f6ylentiler yay\u0131l\u0131rken 1997&#8217;de, \u015fehirdeki silahl\u0131 gruplar Mezar-\u0131 \u015eerif&#8217;ten Taliban&#8217;\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. Taliban yakla\u015f\u0131k bir bu\u00e7uk y\u0131l sonra \u015fehre yeniden girdi\u011finde, aralar\u0131nda sivillerin de oldu\u011fu binlerce ki\u015fiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrerek bilinen ilk katliam\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bunlara ra\u011fmen her yeni \u015fehri ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011finde Taliban&#8217;\u0131n sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 ve g\u00fcc\u00fc artt\u0131. Yerel d\u00fczeyde birbiriyle sava\u015fan a\u015firetler ya da gruplar aras\u0131ndan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olana destek verip kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yeni \u00fcyeler edindi. Baz\u0131 gen\u00e7leri ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 da zorla silah alt\u0131na ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">&#8220;Burada ak\u015fam 8&#8217;e, bazen 9&#8217;a kadar d\u00fckkan\u0131m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k tutabiliyorum. Taliban&#8217;\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde hava karard\u0131ktan sonra g\u00fcvenli olmaz, d\u00fckkan\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k tutamazs\u0131n\u0131z.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">O d\u00f6nem uluslararas\u0131 bas\u0131n\u0131n girdi\u011fi Afganistan&#8217;da, Herat&#8217;taki bir bakkal sahibi b\u00f6yle s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"8\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Ancak ak\u015fam 9&#8217;a kadar a\u00e7\u0131k olan o d\u00fckkana sadece belli bir uzunlukta sakal\u0131 olan erkekler ya da yan\u0131nda erkek bir refakat\u00e7isi olan burkal\u0131 kad\u0131nlar gidebiliyordu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-49.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-50.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-51.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-52.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-53.jpg 800w\" alt=\"Taliban, ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi baz\u0131 yerlerde a\u015firetlerden destek g\u00f6r\u00fcrken baz\u0131 yerlerde halk, bask\u0131lara dayanamayarak \u00e7evre \u00fclkelere g\u00f6\u00e7 etti\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-7.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"7.5\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"5\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Taliban, ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi baz\u0131 yerlerde a\u015firetlerden destek g\u00f6r\u00fcrken baz\u0131 yerlerde halk, bask\u0131lara dayanamayarak \u00e7evre \u00fclkelere g\u00f6\u00e7 etti<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">\u0130lk ba\u015flarda sokaklarda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ticaretin yeniden ba\u015flayabildi\u011fi ortamda bu i\u015fleyi\u015f, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan bir toplumda bir miktar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmu\u015fa benziyor. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"7\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Ancak Taliban sert uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131k\u00e7a durum de\u011fi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"15\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">10 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131zlar\u0131n ve kad\u0131nlar\u0131n e\u011fitim hakk\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7bir yeri g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyecek \u015fekilde burka giymek zorunda olduklar\u0131 Taliban kontrol\u00fcndeki b\u00f6lgelerde, &#8220;me\u015fru say\u0131lmayan&#8221; bir erkekle konu\u015ftu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan kad\u0131nlar ta\u015flama, k\u0131rba\u00e7 gibi cezalara \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yordu. Sakal\u0131 &#8220;yeterince uzun olmayan&#8221; erkekler de hapse at\u0131l\u0131yor, h\u0131rs\u0131zlar\u0131n elleri kesiliyordu. M\u00fczik dinlemek, televizyon izlemek yasakland\u0131. Farkl\u0131 fikirdeki insanlar ve farkl\u0131 dini az\u0131nl\u0131klara y\u00f6nelik cezalar da ba\u015f keserek \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye kadar kat\u0131la\u015ft\u0131. S\u00fcnni M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara ait olmayan ibadet yerleri yerle bir edildi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"12\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Asya Vakf\u0131 isimli ABD merkezli vakf\u0131n 2009&#8217;da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu Pe\u015ftular ve k\u0131rsal kesimde ya\u015fayan Afganlar olmak \u00fczere halk\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131, Taliban&#8217;a sempati duyuyordu. O d\u00f6nem halk, ABD askerlerinin sivil kay\u0131plara da yol a\u00e7an operasyonlar\u0131na da tepkiliydi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Ayn\u0131 vakf\u0131n Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler&#8217;in de deste\u011fiyle 2019&#8217;da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re ise Taliban&#8217;a duyulan sempati y\u00fczde 13,4&#8217;e inmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><h2 id=\"ABD-i\u015fgali-sonras\u0131-Taliban-D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f-ve-g\u00fc\u00e7lenerek-geri-d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"bbc-l3e97o e14hemmw0\">ABD i\u015fgali sonras\u0131 Taliban: D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ve g\u00fc\u00e7lenerek geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"12\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">2001&#8217;de \u0130kiz Kuleleri ve Pentagon&#8217;u hedef alan sald\u0131r\u0131lardan El Kaide&#8217;yi sorumlu tutan ABD&#8217;deki George Bush y\u00f6netimi, Taliban&#8217;dan El Kaide liderlerini istedi. Taliban ise su\u00e7luluklar\u0131 kan\u0131tlan\u0131rsa cezalar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130slami \u015fekilde vereceklerini a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131nca, ABD&#8217;nin Afganistan m\u00fcdahalesi ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">O s\u0131rada Taliban, \u00fclkenin y\u00fczde 90&#8217;\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ediyordu. 2001&#8217;in sonunda ise Kabil&#8217;i ve bir\u00e7ok yerde y\u00f6netimi b\u0131rak\u0131p \u00e7o\u011funlukla Pakistan&#8217;a ka\u00e7t\u0131lar. Y\u0131llard\u0131r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00f6netildi\u011fi yerlerden biri olan Kandahar s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndaki Quetta&#8217;da yeniden bir araya geldiler.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-54.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-55.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-56.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-57.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-58.jpg 800w\" alt=\"ABD askeri ilk olarak 2001'in sonunda Afganistan'a indi\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-8.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"6\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"2\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>ABD askeri ilk olarak 2001&#8217;in sonunda Afganistan&#8217;a indi<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"12\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Afganistan&#8217;da ABD ve NATO \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki birliklerin deste\u011fiyle yeni bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurulsa da, hava operasyonlar\u0131, sivil kay\u0131plara yol a\u00e7an ev bask\u0131nlar\u0131 ve yerel a\u015firetler aras\u0131nda yeniden ba\u015flayan m\u00fccadele, halk\u0131n Taliban&#8217;a olan sempatisinin baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"7\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bir s\u00fcre sonra Taliban geri d\u00f6necek ve yabanc\u0131 askerlere kar\u015f\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lara ba\u015flayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"8\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">\u00d6yle ki 2012&#8217;de Ba\u015fkent Kabil&#8217;de ve NATO&#8217;nun g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00fcslerinde \u00e7ok geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar d\u00fczenleyecek g\u00fcce eri\u015fti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-59.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-60.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-61.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-62.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-63.jpg 800w\" alt=\"Afgan ordusunda kad\u0131n askerler de e\u011fitim al\u0131yor\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-9.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"6\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"2\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Afgan ordusunda kad\u0131n askerler de e\u011fitim al\u0131yor<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">2014&#8217;te ABD ve NATO art\u0131k Afgan ordusunun e\u011fitilece\u011fini ve kendilerinin do\u011frudan sava\u015fa kat\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurduktan sonra Taliban, en kanl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan k\u0131rsalda baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerin kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc de yeniden eline ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">&#8220;\u0130\u015fgalci g\u00fc\u00e7&#8221; olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ABD ile \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00f6nemlerde masaya oturan Taliban, nihayet \u015eubat 2020&#8217;de ABD&#8217;nin \u00e7ekilmesi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda baz\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131 yerine getirece\u011fine dair taahh\u00fctler verdi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"8\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bu a\u015famada Afgan h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle oturdu\u011fu m\u00fczakere masas\u0131n\u0131 &#8220;ABD&#8217;nin kukla h\u00fck\u00fcmeti oldu\u011fu&#8221; gerek\u00e7esiyle hi\u00e7bir zaman sonland\u0131rmad\u0131. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"16\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">ABD&#8217;nin 20 y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda hedeflerine ula\u015famadan ve hangi \u015fart alt\u0131nda olursa olsun ayr\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131nda olan Taliban, Afganistan&#8217;\u0131n y\u00f6netimini yeniden ele ge\u00e7irmeye ve uluslararas\u0131 alanda da tan\u0131nmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bu sebeple Rusya, \u00c7in, Orta Asya \u00fclkeleri, Arap \u00fclkeleri, Katar, Pakistan ve T\u00fcrkiye gibi devletlerle temas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bu a\u015famada eski kat\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 da yumu\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunuyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n kad\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretmenlerden ders alabildi\u011fi baz\u0131 okullara izin verdi\u011fini iddia ediyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">ABD m\u00fcdahalesi sonras\u0131 \u015fehirlerde e\u011fitim g\u00f6rerek doktor olan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kad\u0131n hastanelerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ve d\u00f6nem d\u00f6nem k\u0131rsal kesime giderek kad\u0131nlar\u0131 tedavi etmesine izin verdi\u011fini, \u00fclkeye giren gazetecilere anlat\u0131yor. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bunlar\u0131n ne kadar\u0131 ger\u00e7ek, ne kadar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc verme \u00e7abas\u0131, Taliban&#8217;\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi yerlerden ka\u00e7an binlerce Afgan m\u00fclteciye bakarak anla\u015f\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><h2 id=\"Taliban\u0131-kim-y\u00f6netiyor-gelirleri-nereden-geliyor\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"bbc-l3e97o e14hemmw0\">Taliban&#8217;\u0131 kim y\u00f6netiyor, gelirleri nereden geliyor?<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"8\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Taliban&#8217;\u0131n y\u00f6netici kadrosunun \u00e7o\u011fu Sovyet m\u00fcdahalesi zaman\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131l Ordu&#8217;yla sava\u015fan m\u00fccahitlerden olu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"8\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Kurucu lider, ABD i\u015fgali \u00f6ncesi Afganistan&#8217;\u0131 da y\u00f6netmi\u015f olan Molla Muhammed \u00d6mer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">\u00d6mer&#8217;in 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi, 2015&#8217;te Taliban taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. A\u011fustos 2015&#8217;te \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn ba\u015f\u0131na Molla \u00d6mer&#8217;in sa\u011f kolu Molla Muhammed Mansur getirildi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Molla Mansur&#8217;un 2016&#8217;da Pakistan&#8217;da ABD&#8217;nin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi bir hava sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesi sonras\u0131 Mevlevi Haybatullah Akhunzade geldi. Akhunzade&#8217;nin siyasi, dini ve askeri kararlarda son s\u00f6z\u00fc s\u00f6yleyecek mutlak otoritesi var.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-64.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-65.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-66.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-67.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-68.jpg 800w\" alt=\"2001 sonras\u0131 Taliban kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 baz\u0131 m\u00fccahit gruplar, ABD ile anla\u015farak silahlar\u0131n\u0131 teslim etti\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-10.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"7\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"4\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>2001 sonras\u0131 Taliban kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 baz\u0131 m\u00fccahit gruplar, ABD ile anla\u015farak silahlar\u0131n\u0131 teslim etti<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"8\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Liderin hemen alt\u0131ndaki Rahbari \u015euras\u0131 ise 26 \u00fcyeden olu\u015fuyor. Bu \u015fura da t\u00fcm askeri ve siyasi kararlar\u0131n verildi\u011fi ana merci.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">\u015eura&#8217;da Akhunzade&#8217;nin \u00fc\u00e7 yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 var: Kurucu liderlerden Molla \u00d6mer&#8217;in o\u011flu Molla Muhammed Yakup, Taliban&#8217;\u0131n kurucular\u0131ndan Molla Abdulgani Baradar ve El Kaide&#8217;yle de \u00e7ok yak\u0131n ba\u011flar\u0131 bulunan Hakkani A\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki Siraceddin Hakkani.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Molla Abdul Hakim de, Taliban&#8217;\u0131n &#8220;adalet yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n&#8221; yani yarg\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki isim, bu sebeple kendisine &#8220;ba\u015fsavc\u0131&#8221; da deniliyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"13\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">\u015eura&#8217;n\u0131n i\u00e7inde 17 komisyon bulunuyor. Bunlar e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, askeri konular, istihbarat, i\u00e7 siyaset, ekonomi gibi konulardan sorumlu &#8220;bakanl\u0131klar&#8221; olarak g\u00f6rev yap\u0131yor. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Y\u00f6netim biriminin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00f6lgesel yap\u0131lanmalar var. Burada da uzla\u015f\u0131lan a\u015firetlerin liderleri, 1980&#8217;lerde \u00fclkeden m\u00fclteci olarak ka\u00e7an ancak daha sonra Taliban \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda sava\u015fmak i\u00e7in \u00fclkeye d\u00f6nen sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar var.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"13\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler raporlar\u0131nda yerel d\u00fczeyde en tehlikeli ve &#8220;tahmin edilemeyen&#8221; grup olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnen en alt d\u00fczeyde ise, Taliban&#8217;\u0131n gelirlerini b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda sa\u011flayan ha\u015fha\u015f tohumlar\u0131n\u0131n ekilmesinden, afyon \u00fcretiminden ve bu tarlalarla ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011finden sorumlu e\u011fitimsiz, \u00e7o\u011fu okuma yazma bilmeyen silahl\u0131 gen\u00e7ler var.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"14\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">\u00dclkede, d\u00fcnya afyon \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 90&#8217;dan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor. Afganistan&#8217;da, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler&#8217;in 2018 raporunda da, Taliban&#8217;\u0131n bir y\u0131lda bu illegal uyu\u015fturucu trafi\u011finden 400 milyon dolar kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmini yer al\u0131yor. Ayn\u0131 zamanda y\u00f6netimi ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde zorla toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 &#8216;vergi&#8217; gelirleri, yer alt\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p sat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 yard\u0131mlardan da gelir elde ediyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-69.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-70.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-71.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-72.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-73.jpg 800w\" alt=\"ABD i\u015fgali s\u0131ras\u0131nda Taliban, baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6sterisi yapmaya devam etti - 2003\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-11.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"7\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"4\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>ABD i\u015fgali s\u0131ras\u0131nda Taliban, baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde Sovyet i\u015fgalinin sona eri\u015finin y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde kutlama yaparak g\u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6sterisine devam etti &#8211; 2003<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"14\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">El Kaide&#8217;yle ba\u011flara gelirsek; \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn ilk lideri Molla Muhammed \u00d6mer&#8217;in El Kaide sempatisi, sadece ideolojik bir yak\u0131nl\u0131ktan kaynaklanm\u0131yordu. 1996&#8217;da Usame bin Ladin&#8217;in Afganistan&#8217;a s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmas\u0131, beraberinde El Kaide&#8217;den bir\u00e7ok silah, m\u00fchimmat ve para yard\u0131m\u0131 gelmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. Taliban bu sebeple uluslararas\u0131 tan\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131k i\u00e7in \u00e7abalarken bile El Kaide \u00fcyeleri i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli bir liman olmaya devam etti. 2020&#8217;deki bir Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) raporuna g\u00f6re, El Kaide h\u00e2l\u00e2 Taliban&#8217;a kaynak ve e\u011fitim sa\u011flamaya devam ediyordu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><h2 id=\"Taliban\u0131n-uluslararas\u0131-i\u015fbirlikleri-ve-20-y\u0131l\u0131n-sonunda-tan\u0131nma-aray\u0131\u015f\u0131\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"bbc-l3e97o e14hemmw0\">Taliban&#8217;\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 i\u015fbirlikleri ve 20 y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda tan\u0131nma aray\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-74.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-75.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-76.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-77.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-78.jpg 800w\" alt=\"NATO askerleri\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-12.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">AFP<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Afganistan&#8217;\u0131 y\u00f6netti\u011fi d\u00f6nemde Pakistan, Suudi Arabistan ve Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri&#8217;yle yak\u0131n temas\u0131 olan Taliban, 2013&#8217;te Katar&#8217;\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Doha&#8217;da bir ofis a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bug\u00fcn \u00fclkenin baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u015fehirlerini kontrol eden ve NATO&#8217;nun tahminlerine g\u00f6re 85 binden fazla sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olan grup, 2015&#8217;te Rusya ve \u00c7in&#8217;le temasa ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"11\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">\u00c7in&#8217;le, \u00fclkenin do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda bulunan El Kaide \u00fcyelerinin burada bar\u0131nmas\u0131na izin vermeme ve \u00c7in&#8217;e buradan sald\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmemesi konusunda anla\u015fmaya vard\u0131. \u00c7in, Sincan \u00d6zerk B\u00f6lgesi&#8217;ndeki Uygurlar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rda El Kaide&#8217;yle i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmakla su\u00e7luyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Pekin y\u00f6netimi, Afgan h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle baz\u0131 altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ve maden ocaklar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak \u00fczere anla\u015fmalar yapt\u0131. Anla\u015fma yap\u0131lan yerlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda Taliban kontrol\u00fc var. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"14\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Rusya da, her ne kadar Sovyetlere kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fan &#8220;m\u00fccahitler&#8221;den olu\u015fmu\u015f olsa da, y\u0131llar sonra g\u00fc\u00e7lenen Taliban&#8217;la 2017&#8217;de do\u011frudan temas kurarak yeni d\u00f6nemde b\u00f6lgede s\u00f6z sahibi olma \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Temaslar sonras\u0131, baz\u0131 Taliban y\u00f6neticilerini yapt\u0131r\u0131m listesinden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. \u00d6rg\u00fct, Rusya arabuluculu\u011funda Orta Asya \u00fclkeleriyle de temas kurdu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"8\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">BM&#8217;nin Taliban&#8217;a ve bir\u00e7ok y\u00f6neticisiyle \u00fcyesine kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131r\u0131m kararlar\u0131 bulunuyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Taliban, Suudi Arabistan&#8217;la baz\u0131 gerilimler ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2015&#8217;ten bu yana \u0130ran&#8217;la da temas halinde ve Afganistan&#8217;da g\u00fc\u00e7lenen I\u015e\u0130D&#8217;in \u00fclkeye bir tehdit olu\u015fturmamas\u0131 zemininde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1ka88fa e57qer20\">\n<figure class=\"bbc-1qdcvv9 e6bmn90\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-172p16q e57qer20\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-189y18v e57qer20\">\n<div data-e2e=\"image-placeholder\" class=\"bbc-1k5hvrj e1whu0\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-79.jpg 240w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-80.jpg 320w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-81.jpg 480w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-82.jpg 624w, https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-83.jpg 800w\" alt=\"Katar'da Taliban'la g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere kat\u0131lan heyette ABD, Rusya, \u00c7in ve Pakistan'dan yetkililer vard\u0131\" src=\"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/taliban-afganistanda-yeniden-guclenen-orgut-nasil-kuruldu-bugunlere-nasil-geldi-13.jpg\" width=\"976\" class=\"bbc-fat2bc e1enwo3v0\"><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p role=\"text\" class=\"bbc-1s1cxbv etq3yw90\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Kaynak, <\/span><span lang=\"en-GB\">Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-3edg7g e57qer20\" readability=\"7.5\"><figcaption dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-1t9zlwf eede9f50\" readability=\"5\"><span class=\"bbc-1gnhmg2 e1yt7oin0\">Foto\u011fraf alt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Katar&#8217;da Taliban&#8217;la g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere kat\u0131lan heyette ABD, Rusya, \u00c7in ve Pakistan&#8217;dan yetkililer vard\u0131<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Doha&#8217;daki ofis \u00fczerinden Taliban&#8217;\u0131n bir\u00e7ok Avrupa \u00fclkesiyle de dolayl\u0131 temas\u0131 var: Almanya, Fransa, Norve\u00e7 ve T\u00fcrkiye de bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"10\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Afganistan&#8217;da NATO kapsam\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir askeri birlik bulunduran T\u00fcrkiye, Taliban&#8217;a kar\u015f\u0131 do\u011frudan sava\u015fa hi\u00e7 kat\u0131lmad\u0131. Baz\u0131 Taliban y\u00f6neticilerinin zaman zaman T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye gitti\u011fine y\u00f6nelik iddialar da Bat\u0131 bas\u0131n\u0131nda yer ald\u0131. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Bug\u00fcn Kabil&#8217;deki Hamid Karzai Uluslararas\u0131 Havaliman\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flama planlar\u0131 yapan T\u00fcrkiye, Taliban&#8217;la temas halinde. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"9\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Hindistan da k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce, yeni d\u00f6nemde Afganistan&#8217;da g\u00fcc\u00fc eline alan Taliban&#8217;la temas kuruldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"11\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">Son olarak Taliban&#8217;\u0131n ilerleyi\u015fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Afganistan&#8217;daki g\u00fc\u00e7lerini ABD ile birlikte geri \u00e7eken \u0130ngiltere&#8217;den de dikkat \u00e7eken bir a\u00e7\u0131klama geldi. \u0130ngiliz Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sir Nick Carter, Taliban&#8217;\u0131n bug\u00fcn 2001&#8217;dekine g\u00f6re &#8220;daha a\u00e7\u0131k fikirli oldu\u011funu&#8221; s\u00f6yledi. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-19j92fr e57qer20\" readability=\"13\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" class=\"bbc-bm53ic e1cc2ql70\">14 Temmuz&#8217;da Daily Telegraph&#8217;a bir r\u00f6portaj veren Savunma Bakan\u0131 Ben Wallace da, Taliban&#8217;\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmete girmesi ihtimali soruldu\u011funda &#8220;H\u00fck\u00fcmette kim olursa olsun, belirli uluslararas\u0131 normlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yorsa, \u0130ngiltere o h\u00fck\u00fcmetle \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r&#8221; diyerek Taliban&#8217;\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir mesaj vermi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1990&#8217;lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan desteklerle Taliban ismiyle olu\u015fturulan ve Afganistan&#8217;da \u015feriat kanunlar\u0131n\u0131 uygularken muhaliflerine y\u00f6nelik katliamlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren, kad\u0131nlara dini gerek\u00e7elerle ac\u0131mas\u0131zca bask\u0131lar uygulayan ve ABD i\u015fgalinin ba\u015f\u0131nda yenilse de 20 y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan silahl\u0131 grup kimdir? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2961,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,185],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-manset"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2960","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2960"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2960\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2961"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2960"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2960"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2960"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}