{"id":28927,"date":"2021-12-03T11:22:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-03T11:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberglobal.com.tr\/dunya\/amerika-duraklama-doneminde-mi-146977"},"modified":"2021-12-03T11:22:00","modified_gmt":"2021-12-03T11:22:00","slug":"amerika-duraklama-doneminde-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/2021\/12\/03\/amerika-duraklama-doneminde-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"Amerika duraklama d\u00f6neminde mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Kimilerine g\u00f6re; Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri art\u0131k d\u00fcnyan\u0131n hegemon g\u00fcc\u00fc de\u011fil. Rusya\u2019n\u0131n b\u00f6lgesinde olan etkinli\u011fini art\u0131rmas\u0131 ve ABD\u2019nin Trump d\u00f6nemi ve 2008 krizinden gelen sorunlar\u0131na odaklanmas\u0131, Yeni D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n art\u0131k daha i\u00e7ine kapan\u0131k bir yap\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Kimi entellekt\u00fceller ise ABD\u2019nin siyasi meseleleri ile o kadar ilgilenmeseler de \u00fclkenin sanat ve bilim alan\u0131nda da bir patinaj i\u00e7erisinde oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde. 1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan baz\u0131 Hollywood filmlerine bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m: Titanic, Er Ryan\u2019\u0131 Kurtarmak, There is Something About Mary. Bu filmler orijinal senaryolar\u0131 ile salonlar\u0131 dolduruyordu.<\/p>\n

2000\u2019den sonra ise Jurrasic Park serileri, Iron Man, Toy Story\u2019nin devam serileri has\u0131lat rekorlar\u0131 kard\u0131. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda en \u00e7ok has\u0131lat yapan 10 filmin 9\u2019u Disney\u2019in \u00e7izgi romanlardan uyarlanan aksiyon filmleriydi. Di\u011fer film ise DC Comics karakteri Joker\u2019di. Yani art\u0131k senaryolardan \u00e7ok uyarlamalar ses getiriyor.<\/p>\n

‘YEN\u0130 F\u0130K\u0130RLER EKONOM\u0130Y\u0130 B\u00dcY\u00dcTM\u00dcYOR’<\/strong><\/h3>\n

ABD\u2019liler eskiden sinemalara yeni karakterler izlemeye giderken \u015fimdi eski karakterlerin yeni uyarlamalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmeye gidiyorlar. ABD\u2019nin bilim alan\u0131nda da duraksamada oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenler var. Ekonomist Jay Bhattacharya ve Mikklo Packalen\u2019in \u201cDuraksama ve bilimsel te\u015fvikler\u201d isimli eserlerinde \u201cYeni fikirler ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi \u00f6nceki gibi etkilemiyor\u201d ifadesini kullan\u0131yor. Tabii ki ABD\u2019de yeni icatlar her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Ama son 20 y\u0131lda iPhone gibi devrimsel \u00fcr\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131 bir elin parmaklar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7miyor.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bir bilim insan\u0131n\u0131n makalelerine ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 at\u0131f say\u0131lar\u0131 ile ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bu sebepten de \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc bilim insanlar\u0131 yeni akademik \u00fcretim yapmaya daha te\u015fvik edilirlerdi. Bu bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n pratik hayatta kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu ise 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n \u00f6nemli konular\u0131ndan biri.<\/p>\n

‘HER ALANDA DAHA ZOR’<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Stanford \u00dcniversitesi ve MIT\u2019den bir grup ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 da son \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, \u201cBakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z her alanda yeni fikir bulman\u0131n zorlu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz\u201d de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130svi\u00e7reli bilim insanlar\u0131 ise 1900-1970 aras\u0131ndaki bilim ve teknikteki ilerlemeyi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz ile k\u0131yaslayarak, \u201cBilimsel bilgi 70\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri azal\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde\u201d demekte.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de kurulan yeni \u015firket say\u0131s\u0131nda da ciddi azalma var. Piyasa uzmanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00fclkenin g\u00f6\u00e7men gelene\u011finin pandemi ve Trump kaynakl\u0131 zarar g\u00f6rmesinin bunda etkisi var \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ABD g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin i\u015f hayat\u0131na at\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerine ekonomisin \u015fekillendiren bir \u00fclke.<\/p>\n

E\u011fitim uzmanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re ABD 10 y\u0131llard\u0131r yeni iyi bir \u00fcniversite ortaya koyamad\u0131. Tabii ki mRNA teknolojisi, yapay zeka, g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi sistemleri ve elektrikli ara\u00e7lar gibi harika teknolojiler var. Ama ilk sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z mRNA d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki teknolojiler gelecekte olabilecek \u015feylerin habercisiler ve \u015fu an yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaya haz\u0131r de\u011filler.<\/p>\n

1875-1900 ARASINDAK\u0130 FARK<\/strong><\/h3>\n

The Atlantic\u2019ten Derek Tomphson D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n bir duraklama d\u00f6neminde oldu\u011fumuzu iddia ederek \u015fu \u00f6rne\u011fi veriyor. E\u011fer 1875 y\u0131l\u0131nda New York\u2019ta uykuya yatsayd\u0131n\u0131z ve 25 y\u0131l sonra uyansayd\u0131n\u0131z g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz \u015fehre inanamazd\u0131n\u0131z. Yollarda arabalar bitmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, g\u00f6kdelenler \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, Coca-Cola reklamlar\u0131 kentin d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131n\u0131 sarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1875 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise kentteki en y\u00fcksek bina bir kiliseydi. A\u011fr\u0131 kesiciler bile insanlar\u0131n hayat\u0131na yeni girmi\u015fti. Hamburger 1875-1900 aras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Thomas Edison yine bu tarihler aras\u0131nda elektri\u011fi soka\u011fa indirdi.<\/p>\n

Johns Hopkins, Stanford, Carnegie Mellon gibi \u00fcniversiteler hep 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011finde kuruldu. Amerikan futbolu ve basketbol bu \u00e7eyrekte ke\u015ffedildi. Voleybol bu d\u00f6nemde bulundu.<\/p>\n

Peki art\u0131k bulunacak veya icat edecek bir \u015fey kalmad\u0131 m\u0131? ABD\u2019li \u00fcnl\u00fc fizik\u00e7i Albert Michelson 1890\u2019lar\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda, \u201cTemel \u015feylerin \u00e7o\u011fu bulunmu\u015ftur\u201d demi\u015fti. 10 y\u0131l sonra Albert Einstein ad\u0131nda biri modern fizi\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

 *Yukar\u0131daki haberde yer alan bilgi ve yorumlar\u0131n tamam\u0131 The Atlantic’te Derek Thompson imzas\u0131yla yay\u0131mlanan ‘America Is Running on Fumes’ isimli makaleden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaynak: Web \u00d6zel<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnya siyasetinde Amerikan hegemonyas\u0131n\u0131n sonu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken baz\u0131lar\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve bilim alan\u0131nda da ABD’nin yerinde sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Peki sebepleri ne olabilir?…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":28928,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,185],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya","category-manset"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28927"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28927\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28928"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}