{"id":24781,"date":"2021-11-09T10:50:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-09T10:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberglobal.com.tr\/dunya\/buzullar-eridikce-dunyanin-sirri-cozuluyor-42-bin-yillik-cesette-kan-cikti-142677"},"modified":"2021-11-09T10:50:00","modified_gmt":"2021-11-09T10:50:00","slug":"buzullar-eridikce-dunyanin-sirri-cozuluyor-42-bin-yillik-cesette-kan-cikti%f0%9f%a7%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/2021\/11\/09\/buzullar-eridikce-dunyanin-sirri-cozuluyor-42-bin-yillik-cesette-kan-cikti%f0%9f%a7%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"Buzullar eridik\u00e7e d\u00fcnyan\u0131n s\u0131rr\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcyor… ’42 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k cesette kan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131’\ud83e\uddca"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Topra\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki gizemleri ke\u015ffetmek insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tutkusu. Modern arkeolojinin temellerinin at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan bu yana insano\u011flu de\u011ferli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc her noktan\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 kaz\u0131yor. Bir de hi\u00e7 kaz\u0131lamayan yerler var. \u00d6rne\u011fin buzullar. Onlar\u0131n da alt\u0131nda tarihi bir miras var ama buzulu nas\u0131l kazacaks\u0131n\u0131z? Ger\u00e7i bu durum son y\u0131llarda de\u011fi\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma ile birlikte eriyen buzullar yeni bir tarihin de kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131yor. Rick Knecht 12 y\u0131ld\u0131r Alaska\u2019da kaz\u0131lar yap\u0131yor, Yup\u2019ik halk\u0131n\u0131n tarihini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. En son buzullar\u0131n da erimesiyle eski bir evi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. B\u00f6lge tarihi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan, Yay ve Ok Sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019na ili\u015fkin bulgulara rastlad\u0131. 12 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonucu 100 bin irili ufakl\u0131 tarihi esere ula\u015ft\u0131. K\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma olmasa bunlar\u0131 bulamazd\u0131.<\/p>\n

5.300 YA\u015eINDA \u00d6TZ\u0130<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131nda Alman t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar, Alp da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n Avusturya s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 olan \u0130talyan taraf\u0131nda rengi \u00e7aya benzeyen bir ceset ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131nca ne yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 bilemediler. Cesedin 5.300 y\u0131ll\u0131k oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00d6tzi ismi verilen cesedin \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan incelemelere g\u00f6re, ay\u0131 derisinden bir bere tak\u0131yordu, ke\u00e7i ve geyik derisinden k\u0131yafetleri vard\u0131, ayakkab\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ini s\u0131cak tutmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7imen doldurmu\u015ftu. Ayn\u0131 zamanda t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgede ok, bak\u0131r bir balta ve basit \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin oldu\u011fu ilk yard\u0131m \u00e7antas\u0131na da rastlad\u0131. Yap\u0131lan taramalar sonucu sa\u011f omzuna bir ok sapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kan kayb\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

5300 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00d6tzi, t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan tesad\u00fcfen bulundu. Foto\u011fraf: Reuters<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Buzul arkeolojisi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar yeni kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nabilmek i\u00e7in A\u011fustos ortas\u0131ndan, Eyl\u00fcl ortas\u0131na kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabiliyor.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llarda buzulda arkeoloji \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar 500 ila 1500 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar gidebiliyordu fakat y\u0131llar ge\u00e7ip toprak \u00fczerindeki buzul daha fazla eridik\u00e7e tarih \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6neme ait de izlere rastlanabiliyor. Oslo \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Buz Arkeolojisi Program\u0131\u2019n\u0131n direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Lars Holger Pilo, \u201cBaz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde ta\u015f devrine, baz\u0131lar\u0131nda ise 6 bin y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar gitti\u011fimiz oluyor\u201d de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulundu.<\/p>\n

Program bug\u00fcne kadar 3500 eserin g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. \u00c7\u0131kan g\u00fcnl\u00fck kullan\u0131ma uygun \u00fcr\u00fcnler aras\u0131nda, nal, kayak tak\u0131mlar\u0131 ve balmumu vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

HEP TAR\u0130H \u00d6NCES\u0130 D\u00d6NEM DE\u011e\u0130L<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Son y\u0131llarda Alplerdeki karlar\u0131n kalkmas\u0131yla sadece tarih \u00f6ncesi de\u011fil, modern zamanlara ait de bulgulara rastlan\u0131yor. \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019de 1942\u2019de kaybolan bir \u00e7ift ve 1946 y\u0131l\u0131nda hava muhalefetinden dolay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fen bir ABD askeri u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 Alplerde bulundu.<\/p>\n

Rusya\u2019n\u0131n tundra bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcnde bilim insanlar\u0131 32 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k saklanm\u0131\u015f besinlere ula\u015ft\u0131. ABD\u2019de 10 bin 300 y\u0131ll\u0131k oldu\u011fu tahmin edilen bir m\u0131zrak buzlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Norve\u00e7 buzul arkeolojisi alan\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n say\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerinden biri. Foto\u011fraf: Buzul Arkeoloji Program\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Alaska\u2019da yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131lar ise bak\u0131r i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011finin Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ilk \u00f6rneklerini ortaya koydu. Buzullar\u0131n alt\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan do\u011fal hayata dair izler de insanlar\u0131n beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131ndan iklimdeki de\u011fi\u015fikliklere kadar pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya topraklar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 10\u2019unu buzullar olu\u015fturuyor. Alaska\u2019da 3 milyon y\u0131ll\u0131k b\u00f6cek fosilleri bulunurken, kaz\u0131larda daha ne kadar geri gidilebilece\u011fi bilinmiyor.<\/p>\n

DAMARLARDA HALA KAN VARDI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Sibirya\u2019n\u0131n kuzey do\u011fusunda yer alan Yakutistan b\u00f6lgesinde mamutlar, t\u00fcyl\u00fc gergedanlar ve ma\u011fara aslanlar\u0131 gibi art\u0131k soylar\u0131 t\u00fckenen t\u00fcrlerin donmu\u015f cesetlerine rastlanabiliyor. Buzul at\u0131 olarak bilinen (Lena) bir at t\u00fcr\u00fc 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sibirya\u2019da bulunmu\u015ftu. 42 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k cesedin damarlar\u0131nda hala s\u0131v\u0131 \u015fekilde kan olmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

K\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n topra\u011f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131 da buzul arkeolojisi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir problem. Son 80 y\u0131ld\u0131r Alaska\u2019da dalgalar\u0131n topra\u011f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131 sonucu pek \u00e7ok fosil kayboluyor.<\/p>\n

*Yukar\u0131daki derlemede yer alan bilgilerin tamam\u0131 The New York Times’ta Franz Lidz imzas\u0131yla yer alan ‘As Earth Warms, Old Mayhem and Secrets Emerge From the Ice’ isimli makaleden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaynak: Web \u00d6zel<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Topra\u011f\u0131nda alt\u0131nda bir tarih yat\u0131yor. Sava\u015flar, mutluluklar, eski ve yeni. Arkeoloji topra\u011f\u0131n gizemini \u00e7\u00f6zmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma sayesinde eriyen buzullar…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24782,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24781","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24781","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24781"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24781\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24782"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24781"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24781"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24781"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}