{"id":24003,"date":"2021-10-30T08:41:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-30T08:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberglobal.com.tr\/dunya\/salgin-cocuk-evlat-edinmeyi-nasil-etkiledi-gittikce-azaliyor-141023"},"modified":"2021-10-30T08:41:00","modified_gmt":"2021-10-30T08:41:00","slug":"salgin-evlat-edinmeyi-nasil-etkiledi-turkiyede-artis-orani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/2021\/10\/30\/salgin-evlat-edinmeyi-nasil-etkiledi-turkiyede-artis-orani\/","title":{"rendered":"Salg\u0131n evlat edinmeyi nas\u0131l etkiledi? T\u00fcrkiye’de art\u0131\u015f oran\u0131…"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Pandemi sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik hayat\u0131 etkiledi\u011fi gibi aile ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 da derinden sarst\u0131. Aylarca ayn\u0131 evin i\u00e7inde oturan insanlar\u0131n belki \u00f6nceden beyinlerinin arkalar\u0131na att\u0131klar\u0131 baz\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme geldi. D\u00fcnya genelinde pandeminin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fka bir sosyal sorun ise evlatl\u0131k al\u0131mlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmak isteyen ebeveynler bu d\u00f6nemde bu isteklerini ertelemek durumunda kald\u0131. ABD\u2019de her y\u0131l do\u011fan 4 milyon \u00e7ocu\u011fun ortalama 18 bini evlatl\u0131k olarak al\u0131n\u0131yordu. \u00dclkede \u00e7ocuk evlat edinmek 70\u2019li y\u0131llarda yaln\u0131z ya\u015fayan kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan yayg\u0131n olarak yap\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de Protestan kilisesine ait bir \u00e7ocuk evlat edindirme kurumu 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u0131lda 700 \u00e7ocu\u011fa ebeveyn bulduklar\u0131n\u0131 ama ge\u00e7en sene rakam\u0131n 300\u2019de kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Pandemiden \u00f6nce de evlat edinme say\u0131lar\u0131nda bir azalma vard\u0131. 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda 23 bin \u00e7ocuk yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan ABD topraklar\u0131na evlatl\u0131k olarak gelirken 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu rakam 3 bine indi.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkede \u015fu an 100 bin \u00e7ocuk evlatl\u0131k edinmek i\u00e7in yeti\u015ftirme yurtlar\u0131nda bekliyor. Evlatl\u0131k vermenin tarihi incelendi\u011finde zorunluluklar ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. B\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik krizler, sel ve deprem gibi do\u011fal afetler sonras\u0131nda gen\u00e7 anneler \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na art\u0131k bakamad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in daha iyi durumdaki ailelerin kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

 70’LERDE Z\u0130RVE YAPTI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 izleyen ilk 10 y\u0131lda evlatl\u0131k verilecek \u00e7ocuk say\u0131s\u0131nda ciddi art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken, pek \u00e7ok gen\u00e7 anne \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ile birlikte varl\u0131kl\u0131 ailelerin yan\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. ABD\u2019de evlatl\u0131k al\u0131mlar\u0131 ile ilgili resmi kay\u0131tlara g\u00f6re; 1951 y\u0131l\u0131nda 34 bin, 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda 89 bin, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise 69 bin \u00e7ocu\u011fun evlatl\u0131k olarak al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor.<\/p>\n

ABD’de 70\u2019li y\u0131llarda pek \u00e7ok orta s\u0131n\u0131f kad\u0131n do\u011fum yapmadan \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmak istiyordu. 1970-1973 aras\u0131nda beyaz, bekar kad\u0131nlar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 20\u2019si bir \u00e7ocuk evlat edinmek i\u00e7in giri\u015fimlerde bulundu, 1988\u2019e gelindi\u011finde bu oran y\u00fczde 3\u2019e indi. 50\u2019li y\u0131llarda Kore Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda yetim kalan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 evlat edinmek ABD\u2019de sosyal bir olgu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u0130N KAPILARINI A\u00c7TI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Resmi kay\u0131tlara g\u00f6re; 1953-1991 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda G\u00fcney Kore ve Romanya aras\u0131nda 100 binden fazla \u00e7ocuk ABD\u2019liler taraf\u0131ndan deniza\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00fclkelerden evlat edinildi.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u00fclkedeki tek \u00e7ocuk politikas\u0131 sonucunda yetimhanelerinin kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ABD\u2019lilere a\u00e7t\u0131 ve binlerce \u00c7inli \u00e7ocuk Amerikal\u0131 aileler taraf\u0131ndan evlat edinilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fal yollardan \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmak istemeyen gen\u00e7 kad\u0131nlar da kilisenin telkinleri ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yor. Baz\u0131 Hristiyan \u00f6rg\u00fctler evlat edinmenin do\u011fas\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak kad\u0131nlar\u0131n fikrini de\u011fi\u015ftirici bilgiler veriyorlar.<\/p>\n

Ailelerin evlatl\u0131k \u00e7ocuk almas\u0131 i\u015flemlerini y\u00fcr\u00fcten Kris Faasee, \u201cEskiden evlat edinmenin bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun ba\u015f\u0131na gelebilecek en iyi \u015fey oldu\u011funa d\u00f6n\u00fck bir inan\u00e7 vard\u0131\u201d de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019li ailelerin evlat edinmek i\u00e7in s\u0131kl\u0131kla tercih ettikleri, Rusya, Guetemala, Ethiopya gibi \u00fclkeler son y\u0131llarda r\u00fc\u015fvet veya diplomatik ili\u015fkilerin gerilmesi gibi sonu\u00e7larla yetimhanelerini ABD\u2019ye kapatt\u0131lar. Bu sebepten \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc \u015fu an pek \u00e7ok ebeveyn yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan evlat edinmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de do\u011furganl\u0131k oranlar\u0131 tarihin en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyelerinde. Tek ba\u015f\u0131na ya\u015fayan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n oran\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fe oranla \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen evlat edinmekten ziyade kendi \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furmay\u0131 tercih ediyorlar.<\/p>\n

Haberglobal.com.tr\u2019nin Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgilere g\u00f6re; 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye’de koruyucu aile b\u00fcnyesindeki \u00e7ocuk say\u0131s\u0131 7 bin 259 iken, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu rakam 7 bin 864 olarak kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7ti. Salg\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u0131l\u0131 olan 2020’de 605 ailenin daha evlat edinmesi dikkat \u00e7ekti.  <\/p>\n

Kaynaklar: The Atlantic, Haberglobal.com.tr<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pandemi ile birlikte sosyal hayatta oldu\u011fu gibi aile yap\u0131s\u0131nda da de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ya\u015fand\u0131. ABD’de \u00e7ocuk evlat edinme say\u0131lar\u0131 ciddi d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. T\u00fcrkiye’de…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24004,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24003","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24003"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24003\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24004"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24003"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24003"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24003"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}