NATO<\/a> m\u00fcttefiki taraf\u0131ndan D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Le Drian\u2019\u0131n ifadesiyle \u201cs\u0131rt\u0131ndan b\u0131\u00e7aklanmas\u0131\u201d anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\nFransa, AUKUS nedeniyle sadece Naval Group\u2019un yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 milyar avro zarar edecek olmas\u0131na de\u011fil, ayr\u0131ca Macron\u2019un geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi ve \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Avustralya\u2019ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziyaretin ard\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fine iyiden iyiye inanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni Hint Okyanusu\/Pasifik stratejisinin iflas etmesine tepki g\u00f6steriyor. Fransa D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Jean-Yves Le Drian\u2019\u0131n da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dile getirdi\u011fi gibi Fransa\u2019n\u0131n bu b\u00f6lgeden iki NATO m\u00fcttefiki taraf\u0131ndan resmen d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131, asl\u0131nda deniza\u015f\u0131r\u0131 departmanlar\u0131 (DOM) ve deniza\u015f\u0131r\u0131 topraklar\u0131 (TOM) olarak idari tasnife tabi tuttu\u011fu eski s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerinin kendine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak yeniden b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7 olma hayalini yok ediyor. Somut olarak AUKUS ile Fransa\u2019n\u0131n kolonyal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn Hint Okyanusu\u2019nda La R\u00e9union, Pasifik\u2019te Polinezya ve Aral\u0131k\u2019ta ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k referandumunu yineleyecek olan Yeni Kaledonya adalar\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n
ABD VE B\u0130RLE\u015e\u0130K KRALLIK\u2019IN TEPK\u0130S\u0130 NATO \u00dcZER\u0130NDEN<\/h2>\n
Ba\u015fl\u0131ktaki sorunun g\u00fcndeme gelmesinin ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedeni Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Macron ve Jean Castex h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin<\/p>\n
ABD ve Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019\u0131n AUKUS ile Hint Okyanusu ve Pasifik b\u00f6lgesinde \u00c7in\u2019i \u00e7evreleme stratejisinden Fransa\u2019y\u0131 d\u0131\u015flamas\u0131na tepkiyi NATO \u00fczerinden dile getirmesi. Bundan yakla\u015f\u0131k iki y\u0131l \u00f6nce The Economist\u2019te NATO\u2019nun beyin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden s\u00f6z eden Macron, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi Suriye\u2019de PYD\/YPG\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc operasyonlar, uluslararas\u0131 koalisyonun ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten ABD\u2019yi de di\u011fer m\u00fcttefikleriyle e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm i\u00e7inde olmadan b\u00f6lgeden asker \u00e7ekmesi nedeniyle su\u00e7lam\u0131\u015f, DEA\u015e\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6lgede m\u00fccadele eden yerel m\u00fcttefiklerinin (YPG) zor duruma d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden yak\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu s\u00f6zlerinden anla\u015f\u0131lan, o d\u00f6nemde Ba\u015fkan Donald Trump y\u00f6netimindeki ABD\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi bir \u015fekilde operasyonlar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7irmesi gerekti\u011fiydi. Oysa NATO\u2019nun beyin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, tam da Kuzey Atlantik Pakt\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 5. maddesinin gere\u011fi yap\u0131lmak \u015f\u00f6yle dursun, bir \u00fcye \u00fclkeye kar\u015f\u0131 Macron\u2019un \u00f6nerisi hayata ge\u00e7ti\u011fi takdirde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecekti.<\/p>\n
Fransa\u2019n\u0131n son iki y\u0131l i\u00e7inde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde ulusal\/kolonyal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na destek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in NATO\u2019yu hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Ama kabul etmek gerekir ki NATO \u00f6ncelikle ABD demek. Fransa ve Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k gibi eski k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7ler dahil t\u00fcm NATO \u00fcyeleri \u0130ttifak\u2019ta Amerikan \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ncelikli oldu\u011funu unutmamal\u0131; ki bu \u00e7arp\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131ma ilk tepki de bundan 56 y\u0131l \u00f6nce yine Fransa\u2019dan gelmi\u015fti. Hat\u0131rlanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, d\u00f6nemin Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Charles De Gaulle 21 \u015eubat 1966\u2019da d\u00fczenledi\u011fi bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda NATO\u2019nun Avrupa\u2019da bir Amerikan protektoras\u0131 kurdu\u011funu, ABD\u2019nin Avrupa ve Fransa\u2019ya Amerikan askeri stratejilerini dayatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u0130ttifak \u00fcyelerini istemedikleri sava\u015flara zorlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ard\u0131ndan NATO\u2019daki ABD hegemonyas\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015f, Fransa\u2019n\u0131n n\u00fckleer kapasitesi \u00fczerindeki ulusal egemenli\u011fini NATO \u00fcyeleri dahil kimseyle payla\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmi\u015fti. Fransa ard\u0131ndan NATO\u2019nun askeri kanad\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Fransa\u2019n\u0131n NATO\u2019nun askeri kanad\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ise Sarkozy d\u00f6neminde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Nicholas Sarkozy Fransa\u2019n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok NATO operasyonuna kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla karar mekanizmas\u0131 i\u00e7inde de yer almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunmu\u015f ve Fransa bu gerek\u00e7eyle NATO\u2019nun 2009\u2019daki Strasbourg\/Kehl Zirvesi\u2019nde te\u015fkilat\u0131n askeri kanad\u0131na yeniden entegre olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
STRATEJ\u0130K OTONOM\u0130<\/h2>\n
De Gaulle\u2019\u00fcn ulusal egemenlik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, her ne kadar ABD Fransa\u2019y\u0131 i\u015fgalden kurtarm\u0131\u015f olsa da 1945\u2019ten itibaren Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ABD\u2019nin ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ncelemekle \u00e7eli\u015fiyordu. Hatta o bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda Kuzey Atlantik Pakt\u0131\u2019n\u0131n NATO\u2019nun kurulu\u015funun 20. y\u0131l\u0131ndan (4 Nisan 1969) itibaren \u00f6rg\u00fctten t\u00fcm\u00fcyle \u00e7\u0131kma hakk\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren 13. maddesini kullanabilece\u011fini bile ima etmi\u015fti. Ama De Gaulle ayn\u0131 y\u0131l d\u00fczenledi\u011fi Senato reformuyla ilgili referandumu kaybedip iktidardan olmasa Fransa belki de \u00e7oktan NATO\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n
Fransa\u2019n\u0131n savunma politikas\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve ulusal egemenlik ilkeleri ba\u011flam\u0131nda \u201cstratejik otonomi\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na dayan\u0131yor. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m sadece \u00fclkenin d\u0131\u015f tehditlere kar\u015f\u0131 kendi \u00f6z kaynaklar\u0131yla savunulmas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, ayr\u0131ca Frans\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kar ve de\u011ferlerini t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada savunma kapasitesine sahip olmay\u0131 da kaps\u0131yor. Stratejik otonomi yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, Milli Savunma Y\u00fcksek Et\u00fctleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn (IHEDN) raporlar\u0131nda, Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB) savunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in de \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n diplomatik ve siyasi ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullanarak AB \u00fcyelerini bu konuda ikna etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131 da vurgulan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n savunma alan\u0131nda stratejik \u00f6zerkli\u011fe sahip olmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yeni de\u011fil. Fakat Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Macron\u2019un AUKUS ile bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara h\u0131z verdi\u011fi de bir ger\u00e7ek. Son olarak 27\u2019ler bu konunun g\u00fcndemin ana maddesini olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Ljubljana\u2019daki Brdo \u015eatosu\u2019nda ak\u015fam yeme\u011finde bir araya geldiler. Medyaya yans\u0131yan haberler bu konuda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fi olu\u015ftu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor. Ancak bu NATO\u2019ya alternatif bir Avrupa savunma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede hayata ge\u00e7irilebilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na da gelmiyor ku\u015fkusuz.<\/p>\n
WASHINGTON\u2019DAN HAVU\u00c7 VE SOPA<\/h2>\n
ABD 4 Ekim\u2019de AUKUS ile gerilen ikili ili\u015fkileri yumu\u015fatmak amac\u0131yla D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Antony Blinken\u2019\u0131 \u00e7ocuklu\u011funda on y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi Paris\u2019e g\u00f6nderirken Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Macron da ertesi g\u00fcn kendisini kabul etti. Elysee ziyaretle ilgili amac\u0131n \u201cWashington ile g\u00fcven ortam\u0131n\u0131 yeniden olu\u015fturmak\u201d oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Macron\u2019un Ba\u015fkan Biden ile bu ay sonunda bir araya gelmesi bekleniyor.<\/p>\n
\u0130kili ili\u015fkilerdeki bu yumu\u015famaya ko\u015fut olarak ABD D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Karen Donfried, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n savunma kapasitesinin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesinin sadece AB de\u011fil, ABD\u2019nin de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na oldu\u011funu ama bu y\u00f6ndeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n NATO \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinin daha uygun olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klarken; ayn\u0131 tarihlerde ABD\u2019yi ziyaret etmekte olan NATO Genel Sekreteri Jens Stoltenberg ise Georgetown \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada Macron\u2019a y\u00fcklendi. Washington\u2019da Ba\u015fkan Joe Biden taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen Stoltenberg, konu\u015fmas\u0131nda \u00f6zetle, Macron\u2019un hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ama b\u00fct\u00e7esinin y\u00fczde 80\u2019i AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00fclkelerce kar\u015f\u0131lanan NATO\u2019ya paralel bir Avrupa savunma mekanizmas\u0131 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ttifak\u2019\u0131 b\u00f6lme ve zay\u0131flatma riski ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131. Stoltenberg\u2019in bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn Washington\u2019un konuya yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131na ku\u015fku yok.<\/p>\n
Bu geli\u015fmelerden sonra neden hala ba\u015fl\u0131ktaki sorunun g\u00fcndemde oldu\u011fu akla gelebilir. Bunun nedeni, ba\u015fta g\u00fcncel anketlere g\u00f6re Nisan 2022\u2019deki Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerinin ikinci turunda yine Macron\u2019un kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda olmas\u0131 beklenen Ulusal Birlik (RN) partisinin lideri Marine Le Pen olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 aday ve aday adaylar\u0131n\u0131n Fransa\u2019y\u0131 NATO\u2019nun askeri kanad\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 vaat ediyor olmalar\u0131. Bu konu Le Pen ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 soldaki Jean-Luc LMelenchon taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6teden beri savunuluyor olsa da \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 sa\u011fda konumlanan Cumhuriyet\u00e7ilerin (LR) aday aday\u0131 olan ve anketlerde di\u011fer isimlerden \u00f6nde bulunan Xavier Bertrand da bu konuda \u201cGaulliste\u201d bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc payla\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7 olarak, bug\u00fcn itibar\u0131yla yeniden se\u00e7ilme \u015fans\u0131 y\u00fcksek g\u00f6r\u00fcnen Macron\u2019la Fransa\u2019n\u0131n NATO\u2019nun askeri kanad\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilmeyece\u011fini; \u00f6te yandan Le Pen veya -LR kongresinde partinin aday\u0131 se\u00e7ildi\u011fi takdirde- Bertrand\u2019n\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerini kazanmalar\u0131 halinde s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ekilmenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n
[\u201cAgur, ETA art\u0131k yok\u201d (Aral\u0131k 2018), \u201c\u00c7o\u011ful \u0130spanya: Anayasal Sistemi ve Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Modeli\u201d (2006) ve \u201cEuskal Herria: \u0130spanya Siyasi Tarihinde Bask Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi\u201d (1999) kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 olan Ak\u0131n \u00d6z\u00e7er emekli D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri mensubudur]<\/p>\n
Kaynak: AA<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
15 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de resmi dilleri \u0130ngilizce olan \u00fc\u00e7 devletin ba\u015f harfleriyle k\u0131saca AUKUS \u015feklinde lanse ettikleri, Avustralya, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k ve ABD…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21203,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21202","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21202"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21202\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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