{"id":12882,"date":"2021-09-10T09:02:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-10T09:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/2021\/09\/10\/iklim-degisikligi-ile-mucadelenin-anahtari-temiz-enerji\/"},"modified":"2021-09-10T09:02:00","modified_gmt":"2021-09-10T09:02:00","slug":"iklim-degisikligi-ile-mucadelenin-anahtari-temiz-enerji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/2021\/09\/10\/iklim-degisikligi-ile-mucadelenin-anahtari-temiz-enerji\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile m\u00fccadelenin anahtar\u0131, temiz enerji"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Mu\u011fla S\u0131tk\u0131 Ko\u00e7man \u00dcniversitesi \u00c7evre Sorunlar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Uygulama Merkezi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Do\u00e7. Dr. Ahmet Demirak, d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde son d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fanan afet g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin bir film senaryosu de\u011fil, somut ger\u00e7ekler oldu\u011fu belirterek, “Yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131, geleneksel fosil yak\u0131tlardan net s\u0131f\u0131r karbon ekonomisine y\u00f6neltmeliyiz. N\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 santrallerinin yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu temiz enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in bir tercih de\u011fil zorunluluk” dedi. <\/p>\n

\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) b\u00fcnyesindeki H\u00fck\u00fcmetleraras\u0131 \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Paneli (IPCC), 66 \u00fclkeden 234 bilim insan\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporla d\u00fcnyaya \u2019art\u0131k hareket zaman\u0131\u2019 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131. Bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2019\u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi 2021: Fizik Biliminin Temeli\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 rapor, sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131nda ani, h\u0131zl\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli azalmalar olmad\u0131k\u00e7a, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n 1,5 hatta 2 derece ile s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve \u00e7evre konular\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla dikkat \u00e7eken Mu\u011fla S\u0131tk\u0131 Ko\u00e7man \u00dcniversitesi \u00c7evre Sorunlar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Uygulama Merkezi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Do\u00e7. Dr. Ahmet Demirak, raporun iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi m\u00fccadelesinde hem zaman\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya ilan etmi\u015f olmas\u0131 hem de hala umudun oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Raporun ge\u00e7mi\u015f, \u015fimdi ve gelecekteki iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin verilerini ortaya koyarak \u00e7ok net bir tablo \u00e7izdi\u011fini kaydeden Demirak, “Maalesef hem T\u00fcrkiye hem de t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in bir kriz durumu bu. Bir\u00e7ok bilim insan\u0131, IPCC senaryolar\u0131nda ortaya koyulan 1,5 derecelik art\u0131\u015f\u0131n, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131n daha fazla olaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda hemfikir. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunu dayan\u0131\u015fma ve cesaretle \u00e7\u00f6zebilmeliyiz. Art\u0131k hareket ge\u00e7me konusundaki alarm zilleri daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131yor” ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u201cDo\u011fal afetler, do\u011fal denge ve insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehdittir\u201d diyen Demirak, son birka\u00e7 ayda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin neden oldu\u011fu m\u00fcsilaj, orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131, sel gibi felaketlerin \u00fcst \u00fcste ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 felaketlerin kayna\u011f\u0131\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok noktas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de say\u0131s\u0131z soruna neden olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faret eden Demirak, \u201cYa\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 azaltacak ve kurakl\u0131k artacakt\u0131r. Ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n azalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde bile daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klar buharla\u015fma miktar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131racak ve topraklardaki ortalama nem seviyelerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecektir. G\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011finden biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe kadar bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ekolojik s\u00fcreci etkileyen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n y\u00fczey s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131\u015f\u0131, ba\u015fka do\u011fal afetleri de k\u00f6r\u00fckleyecektir. Gerekli \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde kurakl\u0131k \u00fclkemizin \u00f6nemli iklim sorunlar\u0131ndan biri olacak. 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclkemizin bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgesinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n ana nedeni de k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmad\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehlike olu\u015fturan fazla ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar, sellerin yan\u0131nda, tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131ndan gelen sucul ortama ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 art\u0131rarak kirleticileri akarsulara ve g\u00f6llere ak\u0131t\u0131yor. Bu da Marmara denizimizi etkileyen musilaj gibi deniz salyalar\u0131n\u0131 tetikleyen azot ve fosfor y\u00fcklemesine katk\u0131da bulunuyor” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin neden oldu\u011fu \u0131s\u0131nma ve kuruman\u0131n, orman yang\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, boyutu, yo\u011funlu\u011fu ve \u015fiddetindeki art\u0131\u015fla ili\u015fkili oldu\u011funa dair de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kan\u0131tlar oldu\u011funu dile getiren Demirak, “Daha uzun yang\u0131n mevsimlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra daha b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131nlara da sebebiyet veriyor. Amerika da yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, 1979\u2019dan bu yana orman yang\u0131n\u0131 mevsimi d\u00fcnya genelinde 78 g\u00fcn uzam\u0131\u015f durumda. \u00dcstelik bu yang\u0131nlar hava kalitesinden, su kalitesine kadara \u00e7ok geni\u015f spektrumlarda etki g\u00f6stererek t\u00fcm ekosistemi bozuyor. Bu y\u00fczden yang\u0131n sonras\u0131ndaki rehabilitasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, sadece yang\u0131n yerinin de\u011fil, yang\u0131n\u0131n etkiledi\u011fi t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgenin ekosisteminin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Mu\u011fla ve Antalya\u2019daki yang\u0131n felaketi sonras\u0131 b\u00f6lgedeki su kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in mutlaka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de toplumun t\u00fcm katmanlar\u0131n\u0131 iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile m\u00fccadele s\u00fcrecine dahil etmeliyiz. 31 Mart\u2019ta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flayan TBMM K\u00fcresel \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Komisyonu\u2019nun toplant\u0131lar\u0131na sivil toplum temsilcilerinin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n iklim de\u011fi\u015fimi ile m\u00fccadelede yeni bir s\u00fcreci ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. H\u00fck\u00fcmetin \u0130klim ve G\u00f6\u00e7 Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuraca\u011f\u0131na dair gelen son bilgileri de memnuniyetle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yorum” dedi.<\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00fckleersiz olmaz\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cMeydana gelen afetlerin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin bir film senaryosu de\u011fil, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n somut ger\u00e7ekleri oldu\u011fu unutulmamal\u0131\u201d diyen Demirak, politika yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkilerini azaltacak pratik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler benimsemesi gerekti\u011fini alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi. Demirak, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n

“Yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131, geleneksel fosil yak\u0131tlardan net s\u0131f\u0131r karbon ekonomisine y\u00f6neltmeliyiz. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadele etmek i\u00e7in t\u00fcm d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu kaynaklardan yararlanmal\u0131y\u0131z. Yenilenebilir enerji ve n\u00fckleer enerjinin de aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu temiz enerji kaynaklar\u0131na y\u00f6nelmek, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlardan biridir. N\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 santrallerinin yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu temiz enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in bir tercih de\u011fil zorunluluk. BM raporu bunu daha da a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde ortaya koydu; \u2018N\u00fckleer enerji hari\u00e7 tutulursa, uluslararas\u0131 iklim hedeflerine ula\u015f\u0131lamayacak.\u2019 Ancak n\u00fckleerin iklim krizindeki anahtar rol\u00fc konusundaki kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir an \u00f6nce giderilmesi gerekiyor. Bu konuda ger\u00e7ekten do\u011fan\u0131n ve \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131 konusunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan herkese b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6rev d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. N\u00fckleer olmadan net-s\u0131f\u0131r bir gelecek olamayacak.”<\/p>\n

N\u00fckleerden vazge\u00e7enlerde durum ne<\/p>\n

“N\u00fckleerden vazge\u00e7ti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen \u00fclkelerdeki y\u00fcksek sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi ortaya koyuyor. Avrupa\u2019da \u015fimdi \u2019net s\u0131f\u0131r\u2019 hedefine nas\u0131l ula\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor\u201d diyen Demirak, Fukushima kazas\u0131ndan sonra baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin n\u00fckleer santrallerini kapatma karar\u0131n\u0131n iyi sonu\u00e7lar vermedi\u011fini \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle anlatt\u0131:<\/p>\n

“Biliyorsunuz Almanya\u2019n\u0131n 2022\u2019ye kadar a\u015famal\u0131 olarak n\u00fckleer santrallerini kapatma karar\u0131, \u015fu anda sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131nda art\u0131\u015fa, artan elektrik fiyatlar\u0131na ve elektrik kesintisi tehdidine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. \u00dclke 2045 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar karbon emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rlamay\u0131 hedefliyor. Ancak bu hedefe ula\u015fmas\u0131 zor g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc elektrik \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan linyit ve ta\u015f k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc gibi fosil yak\u0131tlara daha fazla ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ba\u015fvurmadan bunu yapmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Almanya, mevcut enerji politikalar\u0131 sayesinde g\u00fcne\u015f ve r\u00fczgar santrali kurulumunda zaten bir d\u00fcnya lideri. Yeni yenilenebilir yat\u0131r\u0131mlarda hem maliyet hem de baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerdeki \u00e7evrecilerin direni\u015fleri kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. Temmuz ay\u0131nda ya\u015fanan sel felaketi halk\u0131 \u00e7evre ve iklim konusunda daha duyarl\u0131 hale getirdi. N\u00fckleer enerjinin a\u015famal\u0131 olarak kald\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek kolayd\u0131. T\u00fcm \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerin uygulanmas\u0131 ise \u00e7ok zaman alacak. Almanya\u2019n\u0131n enerjiye halen \u00e7ok ihtiyac\u0131 var ve bu enerjiyi Fransa ve \u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti\u2019nden ithal edilen n\u00fckleer enerji ile kar\u015f\u0131lama ihtimali ise olduk\u00e7a ironik bir durum olu\u015fturuyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Akkuyu d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de r\u00fczgar, g\u00fcne\u015f, n\u00fckleer gibi temiz enerji kaynaklar\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131ma devam etti\u011fini, bu konuda ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelerin sevindirici oldu\u011funu belirten Do\u00e7. Dr. Ahmet Demirak, en \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlardan birinin de Akkuyu NGS Projesi oldu\u011funu ifade etti. Demirak, \u201cD\u00fcnya elektri\u011finin y\u00fczde 10\u2019unu sa\u011flayan n\u00fckleer, d\u00fcnyadaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck ikinci temiz enerji kayna\u011f\u0131. Her y\u0131l 2,5 gigaton CO2 emisyonunun \u00e7evreye sal\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nl\u00fcyor. G\u00fcne\u015fin parlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve r\u00fczgar\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda y\u0131lda 365 g\u00fcn y\u00fcksek enerji \u00fcretiyor. Geli\u015fmi\u015f ekonomilerdeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu elektrik kayna\u011f\u0131 olan n\u00fckleer enerji, halihaz\u0131rda 30\u2019dan fazla \u00fclkede 7\/24 g\u00fcvenilir, uygun fiyatl\u0131 temiz elektrik sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. N\u00fckleerin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu enerji kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda kilit bir rol oynamaya devam edece\u011fi de kesindir. Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali (NGS) bu a\u00e7\u0131dan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015fletmeye al\u0131nmas\u0131yla \u00fclkemizin iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile m\u00fccadelesinin yan\u0131s\u0131ra enerji arz\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini de sa\u011flayacak. Di\u011fer n\u00fckleer santral projelerimizi de gelece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek h\u0131zla devreye almal\u0131y\u0131z. \u00dclkenin sosyo ekonomik kalk\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in n\u00fckleer santral yat\u0131r\u0131mlar \u00f6nemli” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) b\u00fcnyesindeki H\u00fck\u00fcmetleraras\u0131 \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Paneli (IPCC), 66 \u00fclkeden 234 bilim insan\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporla d\u00fcnyaya \u2019art\u0131k hareket zaman\u0131\u2019 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12883,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12882","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12882","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12882"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12882\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12883"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12882"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12882"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istanbulchannel.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12882"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}